Ceftiofur treatment of sows results in long‑term alterations in the nasal microbiota of the ofspring that can be ameliorated by inoculation of nasal colonizers
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Author
Franzo, Giovanni
Illas, Francesc
Publication date
2023-10-20ISSN
2524-4671
Abstract
Background The nasal microbiota of the piglet is a reservoir for opportunistic pathogens that can cause polyse‑
rositis, such as Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis or Streptococcus suis. Antibiotic treatment is a strategy
to control these diseases, but it has a detrimental efect on the microbiota. We followed the piglets of 60 sows
from birth to 8 weeks of age, to study the efect of ceftiofur on the nasal microbiota and the colonization by patho‑
gens when the treatment was administered to sows or their litters. We also aimed to revert the efect of the antibiotic
on the nasal microbiota by the inoculation at birth of nasal colonizers selected from healthy piglets. Nasal swabs were
collected at birth, and at 7, 15, 21 and 49 days of age, and were used for pathogen detection by PCR and bacterial
culture, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and whole shotgun metagenomics. Weights, clinical signs and production
parameters were also recorded during the study.
Results The composition of the nasal microbiota of piglets changed over time, with a clear increment of Clostridiales
at the end of nursery. The administration of ceftiofur induced an unexpected temporary increase in alpha diversity
at day 7 mainly due to colonization by environmental taxa. Ceftiofur had a longer impact on the nasal microbiota
of piglets when administered to their sows before farrowing than directly to them. This efect was partially reverted
by the inoculation of nasal colonizers to newborn piglets and was accompanied by a reduction in the number
of animals showing clinical signs (mainly lameness). Both interventions altered the colonization pattern of diferent
strains of the above pathogens. In addition, the prevalence of resistance genes increased over time in all the groups
but was signifcantly higher at weaning when the antibiotic was administered to the sows. Also, ceftiofur treatment
induced the selection of more beta‑lactams resistance genes when it was administered directly to the piglets.
Conclusions This study shed light on the efect of the ceftiofur treatment on the piglet nasal microbiota over time
and demonstrated for the frst time the possibility of modifying the piglets’ nasal microbiota by inoculating natural
colonizers of the upper respiratory tract.
Document Type
Article
Document version
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
619 - Veterinary science
Pages
17
Publisher
BMC
Is part of
Animal Microbiome
Citation
Blanco-Fuertes, Miguel, Marina Sibila, Giovanni Franzo, Pau Obregon-Gutierrez, Francesc Illas, Florencia Correa‐Fiz, and Virginia Aragón. 2023. “Ceftiofur Treatment of Sows Results in Long-Term Alterations in the Nasal Microbiota of the Offspring That Can Be Ameliorated by Inoculation of Nasal Colonizers.” Animal Microbiome 5 (1): 53. doi:10.1186/s42523-023-00275-3.
Grant agreement number
MINECO/Programa estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/AGL2016-77361-R /ES/Papel de la microbiota respiratoria en la prevención de las enfermedades causadas por los colonizadores precoces del tracto respiratorio superior del cerdo/
MICIU/Programa Estatal de generación del conocimiento y fortalecimiento científico y tecnológico del sistema I+D+I y Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/PID2019-106233RB-I00/ES/FUNCIONALIDAD Y EFECTO DE LA MICROBIOTA NASAL SOBRE LA RESPUESTA INMUNE DE LOS LECHONES/
Program
Sanitat Animal
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- ARTICLES CIENTÍFICS [2555]
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