Frequency of PCV-2 viremia in nursery piglets from a Spanish swine integration system in 2020 and 2022 considering PRRSV infection status
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Author
Sagrera, Mònica
Garza‑Moreno, Laura
Oliver‑Ferrando, Salvador
Cárceles, Sonia
Casanovas, Carlos
Prieto, Patricia
García‑Flores, Alberto
Espigares, David
Publication date
2024-01-16ISSN
2055-5660
Abstract
Background Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV‑2) poses a signifcant economic threat for the swine industry, causing a range
of diseases collectively referred to as porcine circovirus diseases (PCVDs). Despite PCV‑2 vaccine efectiveness,
the need for monitoring infectious pressure remains. PCV‑2 coinfection with other pathogens like porcine reproduc‑
tive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can exacerbate disease severity and lead to PCV‑2‑systemic disease cases.
Monitoring both PRRSV and PCV‑2 in co‑infected farms is crucial for an efective management and vaccination pro‑
grams. The present cross‑sectional study aimed to determine PCV‑2 antibody levels in piglets at weaning and PCV‑2
and PRRSV viremia in pooled serum samples at weaning (vaccination age) and at 6 and 9 weeks of age from a Spanish
swine integration system in 2020 (48 farms) and in 2022 (28 out of the 48 analysed previously).
Results The frequency of PCV‑2 detection in pools of piglet sera was 2.1% (2020) and 7.1% (2022) at vaccination
age but increased at the end of the nursery period (10.4% in 2020 and 39.3% in 2022) in both years. Co‑infections
between PCV‑2 and PRRSV were detected in a signifcant proportion of PRRSV positive farms (15% in 2020, and 60%
in 2022). PCV‑2 antibody levels (ELISA S/P ratios) at weaning were lower in PCV‑2 qPCR positive farms at diferent sam‑
pling time‑points (0.361 in 2020 and 0.378 in 2022) compared to PCV‑2 qPCR negative ones (0.587 in 2020 and 0.541
in 2022). The 28 farms tested both years were classifed in four diferent epidemiological scenarios depending on their
PCV‑2 virological status. Those PCV‑2 qPCR negative farms in 2020 that turned to be positive in 2022 had a statistically
signifcant increase of PRRSV RT‑qPCR detection and a PCV‑2 antibody levels reduction, facts that were not observed
in the rest of the scenarios.
Conclusion This epidemiological study in farms from the same integration system determined the occurrence,
in 2020 and in 2022, of PCV‑2 and PRRSV infections in piglets during the nursery period by using pooled serum
samples.
Document Type
Article
Document version
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
619 - Veterinary science
Pages
9
Publisher
BMC
Is part of
Porcine Health Management
Citation
Sagrera, Mònica, Laura Garza-Moreno, Marina Sibila, Salvador Oliver-Ferrando, Sonia Cárceles, Carlos Casanovas, Patricia Prieto, Alberto García-Flores, David Espigares, and Joaquím Segalés. 2024. “Frequency of PCV-2 Viremia in Nursery Piglets from a Spanish Swine Integration System in 2020 and 2022 Considering PRRSV Infection Status.” Porcine Health Management 10: 4. doi:10.1186/s40813-024-00354-0.
Program
Sanitat Animal
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