The effect of feeder system and diet on welfare, performance and meat quality, of growing-finishing Iberian × Duroc pigs under high environmental temperatures
Visualitza/Obre
Autor/a
Oliveira, Angela C.F.
González, Joel
Asmar, Salma E.
Batllori, Norbert P.
Vera, Itzel Y.
Valencia, Uriel R.
Borges, Tâmara D.
Costa, Leandro B.
Data de publicació
2020-02-12ISSN
1871-1413
Resum
The present study investigated the replacement of 5% of starch (ST) by 5% of sunflower oil (SO), with or without feed restriction, in the diet of growing-finishing Iberian × Duroc pigs exposed to heat stress conditions. The effects of these strategies on the welfare, performance and meat quality of the animals were evaluated. Seventy-two crossbred males [51.00 ± 6.29 kg body weight (BW)] were housed in collective pens and randomly distributed according to their initial BW in climate-controlled rooms under heat stress conditions (30–32 °C; 35%–50% humidity). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 2 × 2 factorial design composed of two diets (control or oil) and two feed management (ad-libitum and restriction) types. The investigated treatments were: 1) control diet (5% ST × 0% SO) with ad-libitum feed intake, 2) oil diet (replacement of 5% of ST by 5% SO) with ad-libitum feed intake, 3) control diet with restriction feed intake, and 4) oil diet with restriction feed intake. The pigs’ behavior and dirtiness score were observed daily, and their performance was assessed weekly. Furthermore, three blood samples were collected from each animal for hemogram analysis during the period of study. The analysis of meat and carcass quality was performed 24 h post-mortem once the animals had reached an average BW of 130–140 kg. Statistical analyses were performed using the PROC MIXED and PROC GENMOD procedures of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The diet-regimen interaction produced no effects (P > 0.05) on the analyzed variables, except for behavior. Animals on the control diet associated with ad-libitum feed management spent more time in the lateral decubitus position and showed reduced activity. In addition, pigs fed ad-libitum and those that received the control diet displayed the highest level of dirtiness during the experiment. Evaluation of performance revealed that pigs receiving the oil diet showed reduced feed intake (P < 0.05) with no difference in average daily gain and consequently presented better feed conversion values compared to animals on the control diet. Furthermore, the oil diet resulted in a higher (P < 0.05) carcass yield as well as a higher oleic fat content in the meat. Pigs on restricted feeding management with lower body and carcass weights produced higher values of leanness percentage and carcass compared to animals in the ad-libitum group. In conclusion, the replacement of 5% of starch by 5% of sunflower oil in the pigs’ diet during high ambient temperatures improved the animals’ welfare, feed efficiency, and carcass characteristics.
Tipus de document
Article
Versió del document
Versió acceptada
Llengua
Anglès
Matèries (CDU)
636 - Explotació i cria d'animals. Cria del bestiar i d'animals domèstics
Pàgines
35
Publicat per
Elsevier
Publicat a
Livestock Science
Citació
Oliveira, Angela C.F., Joel González, Salma E. Asmar, Norbert P. Batllori, Itzel Y. Vera, Uriel R. Valencia, and Rosil Lizardo et al. 2020. "The Effect Of Feeder System And Diet On Welfare, Performance And Meat Quality, Of Growing-Finishing Iberian × Duroc Pigs Under High Environmental Temperatures". Livestock Science 234: 103972. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2020.103972.zález, Salma E. Asmar, Norbert P. Batllori, Itzel Y. Vera, Uriel R. Valencia, and Rosil Lizardo et al. 2020. "The Effect Of Feeder System And Diet On Welfare, Performance And Meat Quality, Of Growing-Finishing Iberian × Duroc Pigs Under High Environmental Temperatures". Livestock Science 234: 103972. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2020.103972.
Número de l'acord de la subvenció
INIA/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la Sociedad/RTA2013-00090-C02-01/ES/Estrategias alimentarias y de manejo para reducir los efectos del estrés térmico en caracteres productivos, de calidad de carne y de bienestar en el porcino criado en España/
Programa
Benestar Animal
Nutrició Animal
Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària
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