LC-MS/MS Detection of Karlotoxins Reveals New Variants in Strains of the Marine Dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum from the Ebro Delta (NW Mediterranean)
Visualitza/Obre
Autor/a
Krock, Bernd
Busch, Julia A.
Tillmann, Urban
García-Camacho, Francisco
Sánchez-Mirón, Asterio
Gallardo-Rodríguez, Juan J.
López-Rosales, Lorenzo
Andree, Karl B.
Witt, Matthias
Cembella, Allan D.
Place, Allen R.
Data de publicació
2017-12-18ISSN
1660-3397
Resum
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the detection and quantitation of karlotoxins in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. This novel method was based upon the analysis of purified karlotoxins (KcTx-1, KmTx-2, 44-oxo-KmTx-2, KmTx-5), one amphidinol (AM-18), and unpurified extracts of bulk cultures of the marine dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum strain CCMP2936 from Delaware (Eastern USA), which produces KmTx-1 and KmTx-3. The limit of detection of the SRM method for KmTx-2 was determined as 2.5 ng on-column. Collision induced dissociation (CID) spectra of all putative karlotoxins were recorded to present fragmentation patterns of each compound for their unambiguous identification. Bulk cultures of K. veneficum strain K10 isolated from an embayment of the Ebro Delta, NW Mediterranean, yielded five previously unreported putative karlotoxins with molecular masses 1280, 1298, 1332, 1356, and 1400 Da, and similar fragments to KmTx-5. Analysis of several isolates of K. veneficum from the Ebro Delta revealed small-scale diversity in the karlotoxin spectrum in that one isolate from Fangar Bay produced KmTx-5, whereas the five putative novel karlotoxins were found among several isolates from nearby, but hydrographically distinct Alfacs Bay. Application of this LC-MS/MS method represents an incremental advance in the determination of putative karlotoxins, particularly in the absence of a complete spectrum of purified analytical standards of known specific potency.
Tipus de document
Article
Versió del document
Versió publicada
Llengua
English
Matèries (CDU)
63 - Agricultura. Silvicultura. Zootècnia. Caça. Pesca
Pàgines
20
Publicat per
MDPI
Publicat a
Marine Drugs
Citació
Krock, Bernd, Julia Busch, Urban Tillmann, Francisco García-Camacho, Asterio Sánchez-Mirón, Juan Gallardo-Rodríguez, and Lorenzo López-Rosales et al. 2017. "LC-MS/MS Detection Of Karlotoxins Reveals New Variants In Strains Of The Marine Dinoflagellate Karlodinium Veneficum From The Ebro Delta (NW Mediterranean)". Marine Drugs 15 (12): 391. doi:10.3390/md15120391.
Número de l'acord de la subvenció
MICINN/Programa Nacional de Proyectos de Investigación Fundamental/SAF2011-28883-C03-02/ES/BIOTECNOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL DE MICROALGAS MARINAS DINOFLAGELADAS Y SUSTACIAS BIOACTIVAS DERIVADAS/
MINECO/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/CTQ2014-55888-C3-2-R/ES/BIOTECNOLOGIA DE DINOFLAGELADOS MARINOS. PRODUCCION Y VALORIZACION DE SU BIOMASA A ESCALA PILOTO/
MICINN/Programa Nacional de Cooperación Público-Privada/IPT-2011-1707-310000/ES/Sistema de Observación y Alerta de Proliferación de Microalgas Nocivas en Zonas de Producción Acuícola Marina/PURGADEMAR
FEDER/ / /EU/ /
Programa
Aigües Marines i Continentals
Aqüicultura
Aquest element apareix en la col·lecció o col·leccions següent(s)
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