Growth performance of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed a mixture of single cell ingredients for organic diets

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth performance of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed with a mixture of a single cell ingredient (SCI) (bacterial protein, yeast protein and algae) for organic aquaculture. Sea bream with an initial mean body weight of 6.87±0.07 g were randomly allocated to 250-litre tanks. Four isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing organic fishmeal trimmings with 0% (control), 12% (SCI12), 15% (SCI15) and 18% (SCI18) of the SCI mixture. Each diet was distributed to the groups in triplicate. The fish were fed three times daily until satiation and the experimental period was 60 days. Survival rates and voluntary feed intake were similar in the fish with the different feed treatments (p > 0.05). Similar (p > 0.05) growth performance (final weight, SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in fish fed all SCI-based diets, which was superior to the control diet treatment. Apparent protein digestibility was similar among treatments, but lipid digestibility was significantly reduced in the SCI15 and SCI18 groups compared to the SCI12 group. The specific activities of trypsin, total alkaline protease and lipase were increased in fish fed the SCI15 diet (p < 0.05). The protein content in the fillet was significantly increased and the lipid content was decreased in the SCI12 and SCI18 groups compared to the other groups. No adverse effects on liver and intestinal histology were observed in the different groups. The results suggest that organic fishmeal trimmings can be successfully replaced by innovative SCIs based on microbial protein, yeast meal and algae, and that this SCI mixture could be a candidate for organic aqua feed for gilthead sea bream.