Is calcium deficiency the real cause of bitter pit? A review
Ver/Abrir
Fecha de publicación
2024-06-24ISSN
1664-462X
Resumen
Bitter pit is a disorder affecting the appearance of apples. Susceptibility is genetically controlled by both the cultivar and rootstock, with both environmental and horticultural factors affecting its severity and proportional incidence. Symptoms appear more frequently at the calyx end of the fruit and consist of circular necrotic spots, which take on a “corky” appearance visible through the peel. Bitter pit may develop before harvest, or after harvest, reducing the proportions of marketable fruit. In this review, current knowledge of the factors associated with the occurrence of bitter pit in apples is summarized and discussed along with their interactions with Ca uptake and distribution to fruit. This disorder has been previously linked with localized Ca deficiencies in fruit during its development. However, these relationships are not always clear. Even with over a century of research, the precise mechanisms involved in its development are still not fully understood. Additional factors also contribute to bitter pit development, like imbalances of mineral nutrients, low concentration of auxins, high concentration of gibberellins, changes in xylem functionality, or physiological responses to abiotic stress. Bitter pit remains a complex disorder with multiple factors contributing to its development including changes at whole plant and cellular scales. Apple growers must carefully navigate these complex interactions between genetics, environment, and management decisions to minimize bitter pit in susceptible cultivars. Accordingly, management of plant nutrition, fruit crop load, and tree vigor still stands as the most important contribution to reducing bitter pit development. Even so, there will be situations where the occurrence of bitter pit will be inevitable due to cultivar and/or abiotic stress conditions.
Tipo de documento
Artículo
Versión del documento
Versión publicada
Lengua
English
Materias (CDU)
632 - Enfermedades y protección de las plantas
633 - Cultivos y producciones
Páginas
14
Publicado por
Frontiers Media
Publicado en
Frontiers in Plant Science
Citación
Torres, Estanis, Lee Kalcsits, and Luís Gonzalez Nieto. 2024. “Is Calcium Deficiency the Real Cause of Bitter Pit? A Review.” Frontiers in Plant Science 15 (June). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1383645.
Program
Fructicultura
Este ítem aparece en la(s) siguiente(s) colección(ones)
- ARTICLES CIENTÍFICS [2759]
Derechos
Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/