http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/4 2026-04-20T01:48:40Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/5211 Editorial: Innovative approaches in soil, water, and crop management for sustainable agricultural systems Tallou, Anas; Aziz, Faissal; Vivaldi, Gaetano Alessandro 2026-04-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/5210 CTX-M variants on the move: Tracking resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. across humans, livestock and wildlife in Western Uganda Guitart-Matas, Judith; Dias-Alves, Andrea; Marco, Ignasi; Carrera-Faja, Laura; Muro, Jesús; Tushabe, Josephine; Kayaga, Edrine; Ndoboli, Dickson; Babweteera, Fred; Asiimwe, Carol; Cabezón, Oscar; Migura, Lourdes Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health challenge. The AMR burden is disproportionately higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where widespread and inappropriate antimicrobial use promotes the emergence and spread of resistance. The expanding human population and increasing habitat fragmentation of natural areas force wildlife into greater contact with humans and livestock, facilitating AMR transmission. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of extended spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Enterobacterales as an indicator for AMR burden across the human-animal-environment interface in rural areas from Western Uganda. Samples were collected from humans (n = 65), livestock (n = 137), wildlife (n = 301), and environmental sources (n = 52) in rural areas with varying levels of human-animal interaction. ESC-resistant Escherichia coli (n = 58) and Klebsiella spp.(n = 5) were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Thereafter, whole genome sequencing was carried out in ESC-resistant isolates (n = 63) to characterize resistance genes and lineages, and further compared them with previously published sequences from Uganda. A high prevalence of the CTX-M-15 gene was observed, alongside CTX-M-27 and OXA-1. Multiple sequence types (STs) were detected for both E. coli and Klebsiella spp., though globally dominant extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) lineages were infrequent. The wide occurrence of ESC-resistant bacteria in community settings and wildlife underlines the interconnectedness of AMR transmission. These findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive One Health approach to better understand AMR transmission dynamics in rural areas from Western Uganda. 2026-04-07T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/5209 Circulation and overwintering of Usutu virus lineages in north-eastern Spain: A one health perspective (2021–2025) Leka, Arjola; Gardela Santacruz, Jaume; Obón, Elena; Pifarré, Maria; Martínez, Miguel Julián; Navero-Castillejos, Jéssica; Casal, Ramón; Solé, Alba; Busquets, Núria Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has expanded widely across Europe. While it has been traditionally considered an animal pathogen, reports of human infections and the detection of USUV in blood donors in Europe (including Spain) have increased the public health awareness of this emerging pathogen. In the last decade, serological evidence of USUV circulation in animals have been reported in Northeastern Spain (Catalonia) where human infections have also been recently detected; however, molecular confirmation of viral circulation in wild birds was still lacking. Our main goal was to investigate USUV circulation in Catalonia (2021–2025) using One Health approach through the West Nile virus surveillance program. Once USUV was detected, we aimed to assess USUV overwintering, genetic diversity and pathology in positive wild birds. From 369 bird samples collected, six blackbirds from the Barcelona province resulted USUV-positive in 2022, 2024, and 2025, showing signs of systemic infection. Additionally, USUV was found in a Culex pipiens mosquito pool, and sentinel and backyard birds showed serological evidence of flavivirus exposure in Girona province. Phylogenetic analyses revealed USUV overwintering, evidence of human spillover and the co-circulation of two distinct lineages, Africa 3 and Europe 2. Notably, Europe 2 was detected for the first time in Spain. These findings prove active enzootic USUV circulation in Northeastern Spain and highlight the need for One Health surveillance to support early USUV detection to reduce the risk of USUV transmission from enzootic cycle. 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/5208 Estimating the velocity and direction of African Swine Fever spread in wild boar populations in South Korea using Trend-Surface Analysis Aguilar-Vega, Cecilia; Bosch, Jaime; Ito, Satoshi; Ivorra, Benjamin; Jeong, Hyunkyu; Sánchez-Vizcaíno, José Manuel African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal disease of swine that has spread across Asia since its introduction in 2018. South Korea first reported the disease in September 2019 in domestic pigs, and since then, more than 4,000 cases have been reported in wild boars during its expansion up to August 2024. Due to the high number of ASF notifications in wild boars in South Korea, contrasted with their scarcity in most Asian countries, analyzing the spatiotemporal spread of the disease in a setting with active surveillance provides valuable insights. In this study, we performed a trend-surface analysis on temporally gridded case data to characterize the overall geographic spread and direction of ASF in wild boars across South Korea, from its emergence to August 2022. Additionally, we propose a novel approach distinct from previous studies, to estimate spread velocity by incorporating an upper threshold to avoid unrealistic values. The model described the spread of ASF in the study area. The disease showed greater expansion in the east of the country. Initially, a south and eastward direction was estimated. The estimated median velocity was 19.53 km/month, with cell-level velocities ranging from 2.45 to 69.99 km/month. Velocity increased notably from autumn 2021 onward and varied substantially across years. Our results show the dynamics of ASF in wild boars of South Korea, providing new evidence of their role in the epidemiology of the disease. 2026-04-02T00:00:00Z