Gut eukaryotic communities in pigs: diversity, composition and host genetics contribution
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Autor/a
Zingaretti, Laura M.
Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Olga
Ballester, Maria
Fecha de publicación
2020-05-07ISSN
2524-4671
Resumen
Background
The pig gut microbiome harbors thousands of species of archaea, bacteria, viruses and eukaryotes such as protists and fungi. However, since the majority of published studies have been focused on prokaryotes, little is known about the diversity, host-genetic control, and contributions to host performance of the gut eukaryotic counterparts. Here we report the first study that aims at characterizing the diversity and composition of gut commensal eukaryotes in pigs, exploring their putative control by host genetics, and analyzing their association with piglets body weight.
Results
Fungi and protists from the faeces of 514 healthy Duroc pigs of two sexes and two different ages were characterized by 18S and ITS ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The pig gut mycobiota was dominated by yeasts, with a high prevalence and abundance of Kazachstania spp. Regarding protists, representatives of four genera (Blastocystis, Neobalantidium, Tetratrichomonas and Trichomitus) were predominant in more than the 80% of the pigs. Heritabilities for the diversity and abundance of gut eukaryotic communities were estimated with the subset of 60d aged piglets (N = 390). The heritabilities of α-diversity and of the abundance of fungal and protists genera were low, ranging from 0.15 to 0.28. A genome wide association study reported genetic variants related to the fungal α-diversity and to the abundance of Blastocystis spp. Annotated candidate genes were mainly associated with immunity, gut homeostasis and metabolic processes. Additionally, we explored the association of gut commensal eukaryotes with piglet body weight. Our results pointed to a positive contribution of fungi from the Kazachstania genus, while protists displayed both positive (Blastocystis and Entamoeba) and negative (Trichomitus) associations with piglet body weight.
Conclusions
Our results point towards a minor and taxa specific genetic control over the diversity and composition of the pig gut eukaryotic communities. Moreover, we provide evidences of the associations between piglets’ body weight after weaning and members from the gut fungal and protist eukaryote community. Overall, this study highlights the relevance of considering, along with that of bacteria, the contribution of the gut eukaryote communities to better understand host-microbiome association and their role on pig performance, welfare and health.
Tipo de documento
Artículo
Versión del documento
Versión publicada
Lengua
Inglés
Materias (CDU)
57 - Biología
575 - Genética general. Citogenética general. Inmunogenética. Evolución. Filogenia
579 - Microbiología
59 - Zoología
619 - Veterinaria
636 - Explotación y cría de animales. Cría del ganado y de animales domésticos
Páginas
12
Publicado por
BMC
Publicado en
Animal Microbiome
Citación
Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis, Francesc Prenafeta-Boldú, Laura M. Zingaretti, Olga Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Antoni Dalmau, Raquel Quintanilla, and Maria Ballester. 2020. "Gut Eukaryotic Communities In Pigs: Diversity, Composition And Host Genetics Contribution". Animal Microbiome 2 (1). doi:10.1186/s42523-020-00038-4.
Número del acuerdo de la subvención
EC/H2020/665919/EU/Opening Sphere UAB-CEI to PostDoctoral Fellows/P-SPHERE
MINECO/Programa Estatal de fomento de la investigación científica y técnica de excelencia/SEV-2015-0533/ES/ /
MINECO/Programa Estatal de promoción del talento y su empleabilidad en I+D+I/RYC‑2013‑12573/ES/ /
MINECO/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/AGL2017-88849-R/ES/MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL Y GENETICA DEL HUESPED: CONTRIBUCION CONJUNTA A LA EFICIENCIA, EL COMPORTAMIENTO Y LA ROBUSTEZ EN PORCINO/
MINECO/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/AGL2016-75432-R/ES/DETERMINACION GENETICA DE LA CAPACIDAD INMUNOLOGICA EN PORCINO: IDENTIFICACION DE VARIANTES GENETICAS FUNCIONALES PARA LA IMPLEMENTACION DE SELECCION GENOMICA/
Program
Genètica i Millora Animal
Sostenibilitat en Biosistemes
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