Impact of feed additives and host-related factors on bacterial metabolites, mucosal integrity and immune response in the ileum of broilers
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Author
Duangnumsawang, Yada
Zentek, Jürgen
Vahjen, Wilfried
Goodarzi Boroojeni, Farshad
Publication date
2023-05-09ISSN
0165-7380
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of age, breed, and sex of broilers, as well as a probiotic or phytobiotic product on mucosal morphology, bacterial metabolites, and immune traits in the ileum of broilers. A total of 2,880 oneday-old male and female broiler chicks from two breeds (Ross308® and Cobb500®) were randomly assigned to 72 pens. Broilers were offered a wheat-soybean diet without (CO), or with either a probiotic (PO; 2.4 ×109 CFU/kg of Bacillus subtilis DSM32324 and DSM32325 and B. amyloliquefaciens DSM25840) or a phytobiotic (PY; grape extract, 165 ppm procyanidin and 585 ppm polyphenols of the diet) product. The trial was conducted with a 3 ×2 ×2 factorial arrangement of diet, breed, and sex in a completely randomized design (6 replicate-pens per treatment). At day 7, 21, and 35, one chicken per pen was slaughtered for collecting ileal tissue to evaluate of histomorphology and mRNA expression, as well as ileal digesta to measure bacterial metabolites. Data were subjected to ANOVA (the main factors; age, diet, breed, and sex) and Four-Way ANOVA (interactions) using GLM procedure. Overall, the concentration of acetate and total short chain fatty acids reached the peak and lactate decreased to its lowest on day 21, but their concentrations at day 7 and 35 were similar (p >0.05). Spermine, spermidine, and ammonia decreased after day 7, while putrescine and cadaverine increased after day 21 (p <0.05). mRNA expression of cytokines, mucin 2 (MUC2) and claudin 5 (CLDN5) was similar; increased from day 7 to 21 and decreased afterward (p <0.05). Villus height, crypt depth and villus surface area increased with age (p <0.05). Acidic goblet cells (GC) number and density increased after day 21 (p <0.05). Ross broilers showed higher D-lactate concentration and IFN-γ expression, while Cobb broilers had greater IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α expression and higher total GC number (p <0.05). Female displayed higher villus height and GC number and density (mixed and total GC) than male (p <0.05). The effect of dietary treatment was not found on any investigated variables (p >0.05). In conclusion, aging of broilers affected ileal histomorphology, cytokine expression, and barrier integrity, as well as bacterial activity. These observed impacts could be attributed to host-microbiota interaction and the direct effects of bacterial metabolites on intestinal cells and immune system.
Document Type
Article
Document version
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
636 - Animal husbandry and breeding in general. Livestock rearing. Breeding of domestic animals
Pages
18
Publisher
Springer
Is part of
Veterinary Research Communications
Citation
Duangnumsawang, Yada, Jürgen Zentek, Wilfried Vahjen, Joan Tarradas, and Farshad Goodarzi Boroojeni. 2023. "Impact Of Feed Additives And Host-Related Factors On Bacterial Metabolites, Mucosal Integrity And Immune Response In The Ileum Of Broilers". Veterinary Research Communications. doi:10.1007/s11259-023-10135-9.
Grant agreement number
EC/H2020/817729/EU/Holistic solution to improve animal food production through deconstructing the biomolecular interactions between feed, gut microorganisms and animals in relation to performance parameters/HoloFood
Program
Nutrició Animal
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- ARTICLES CIENTÍFICS [2845]
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/