Systemic CD4 cytotoxic T cells improve protection against PRRSV-1 transplacental infection
View/Open
Author
Li, Yanli
Díaz, Ivan
Martín-Valls, Gerard
Beyersdorf, Niklas
Mateu, Enric
Publication date
2023-01-17ISSN
1664-3224
Abstract
Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the major swine pathogens causing reproductive failure in sows. Although modified-live virus (MLV) vaccines are available, only partial protection against heterologous strains is produced, thus vaccinated sows can be infected and cause transplacental infection. The immune effector mechanisms involved are largely unknown.
Methods: The present study investigated the role of cytotoxic lymphocytes, including cytotoxic T cells (CTL), NKT, and NK cells, from blood in preventing PRRSV-1 transplacental infection in vaccinated primiparous sows (two doses vaccinated). Sows from a PRRSV-1 unstable farm were bled just before the last month of gestation (critical period for transplacental infection), then followed to determine whether sows delivered PRRSV-1-infected (n=8) or healthy (n=10) piglets. After that, functions of CTL, NKT, and NK cells in the two groups of sows were compared.
Results: No difference was found through cell surface staining. But upon in vitro re-stimulation with the circulating field virus, sows that delivered healthy piglets displayed a higher frequency of virus-specific CD107a+ IFN-γ-producing T cells, which accumulated in the CD4+ compartment including CD4 single-positive (CD4 SP) and CD4/CD8α double-positive (CD4/CD8α DP) subsets. The same group of sows also harbored a higher proportion of CD107a+ TNF-α-producing T cells that predominantly accumulated in CD4/CD8α double-negative (CD4/CD8α DN) subset. Consistently, CD4 SP and CD4/CD8α DN T cells from sows delivering healthy piglets had a higher virus-specific proliferative response. Additionally, in sows that delivered PRRSV-1-infected piglets, a positive correlation of virus-specific IFN-γ response with average Ct values of umbilical cords of newborn piglets per litter was observed.
Conclusion: Our data strongly suggest that CTL responses correlate with protection against PRRSV-1 transplacental infection, being executed by CD4 T cells (IFN-γ related) and/or CD4/CD8α DN T cells (TNF-α related).
Document Type
Article
Document version
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
619 - Veterinary science
Pages
14
Publisher
Frontiers Media
Is part of
Frontiers in Immunology
Citation
Li, Yanli, Ivan Díaz, Gerard Martín-Valls, Niklas Beyersdorf, and Enric Mateu. 2023. "Systemic CD4 Cytotoxic T Cells Improve Protection Against PRRSV-1 Transplacental Infection". Frontiers In Immunology 13. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020227.
Program
Sanitat Animal
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- ARTICLES CIENTÍFICS [2661]
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/