Genetic diversification patterns in swine influenza A virus (H1N2) in vaccinated and nonvaccinated animals
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Author
Valle, Marta
Pérez, Marta
Chiapponi, Chiara
Publication date
2023-09-15ISSN
2235-2988
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are characterized by having a segmented genome, low
proofreading polymerases, and a wide host range. Consequently, IAVs are
constantly evolving in nature causing a threat to animal and human health. In
2009 a new human pandemic IAV strain arose in Mexico because of a
reassortment between two strains previously circulating in pigs; Eurasian
“avian-like” (EA) swine H1N1 and “human-like” H1N2, highlighting the
importance of swine as adaptation host of avian to human IAVs. Nowadays,
although of limited use, a trivalent vaccine, which include in its formulation H1N1,
H3N2, and, H1N2 swine IAV (SIAV) subtypes, is one of the most applied strategies
to reduce SIAV circulation in farms. Protection provided by vaccines is not
complete, allowing virus circulation, potentially favoring viral evolution. The
evolutionary dynamics of SIAV quasispecies were studied in samples collected
at different times from 8 vaccinated and 8 nonvaccinated pigs, challenged with
H1N2 SIAV. In total, 32 SIAV genomes were sequenced by next-generation
sequencing, and subsequent variant-calling genomic analysis was carried out.
Herein, a total of 364 de novo single nucleotide variants (SNV) were found along
all genetic segments in both experimental groups. The nonsynonymous
substitutions proportion found was greater in vaccinated animals suggesting
that H1N2 SIAV was under positive selection in this scenario. The impact of each
substitution with an allele frequency greater than 5% was hypothesized
according to previous literature, particularly in the surface glycoproteins
hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. The H1N2 SIAV quasispecies evolution
capacity was evidenced, observing different evolutionary trends in vaccinated
and nonvaccinated animals.
Document Type
Article
Document version
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
619 - Veterinary science
Pages
16
Publisher
Frontiers Media
Is part of
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Citation
López-Valiñas, Álvaro, Marta Valle, Marta Sonia González Pérez, Ayub Darji, Chiara Chiapponi, Llilianne Ganges, Joaquím Segalés, and José I. Núñez. 2023. “Genetic Diversification Patterns in Swine Influenza A Virus (H1N2) in Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Animals.” Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 13: 1258321. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1258321.
Grant agreement number
MINECO/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la Sociedad/AGL2016-75280-R/ES/EVOLUCION DEL VIRUS INFLUENZA PORCINA ASOCIADA A LA VACUNACION/
Program
Sanitat Animal
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- ARTICLES CIENTÍFICS [2555]
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