Can the genetic background modulate the effects of feed additives? Answers from gut microbiome and transcriptome interactions in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed with a mix of phytogenics, organic acids or probiotics
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Author
Naya-Català, Fernando
Piazzon, M. Carla
Sarih, Samira
Calduch-Giner, Josep
Fontanillas, Ramón
Hostins, Barbara
Sitja-Bobadilla, Ariadna
Acosta, Félix
Pérez-Sánchez, Jaume
Montero, Daniel
Publication date
2024-03-05ISSN
0044-8486
Abstract
The synergies between selective breeding and feed additives remain under-explored in farmed fish, despite their
sustainability. Reference (REF) and selected gilthead sea bream for growth (GS) were fed with the control (CTRL)
diet during 14 days. CTRL diet was oil-coated with three functional additives (PHY: phytogenic based on garlic
and medium chain fatty acid; OA: organic acid mixture with a 70% of butyric acid sodium salt; PROB: probiotic
based on Bacillus subtilis, pumillus and licheniformes species). These experimental diets were then sequentially
administered at high (PHY/OA = 7.5 g/kg, PROB = 2 × 1011 CFU/kg; 2 weeks) and low (PHY = 5 g/kg, OA = 3
g/kg, PROB = 4 × 1010 CFU/kg; 10 weeks) additive doses. The capacity of a given genotype and additive to
modify the fish growth performance, gut health and the host interaction with its anterior intestine (AI) microbiota was evaluated as a whole population or individually (9 fish/diet/genetics). GS fish showed a better growth
and feed conversion ratio, linked to a reduced individual variability of gut microbial composition. The PHY
additive had a major impact upon the intestinal transcriptome of GS-PHY fish, with the up-regulation of markers
of epithelial integrity, sphingolipid and cholesterol/bile salt metabolism. With the OA additive, impaired growth
performance, reduced AI goblet cell area and enhanced AI granulocyte infiltration were concomitant with a
down-regulation of neutrophil degranulation markers associated with a decrease of pathogenic genera (Staphylococcus/Streptococcus/Neisseria), and an over-representation of acetone/butanol/ethanol fermentation and
vitamin K biosynthesis inferred pathways. Bacillus establishment and lack of AI inflammation were parallel in
PROB fish of both genetic backgrounds. However, GS fish grew and utilized feed better with the additive,
whereas a worsening appeared in REF fish. This amelioration was related with a higher abundance of the nitratereducer Kocuria, an up-regulation of markers of epithelial cell maintenance and proliferation, and a downregulation of microbiota-correlated protein synthesis and ubiquitination markers, supporting a reduced epithelial turnover and improved intestinal barrier function. Overall, the success of nutritional innovations in gilthead
sea bream is largely dependent on the host genome predisposition, but also on the intestinal microbiota according to the hologenome theory.
Document Type
Article
Document version
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
63 - Agriculture and related sciences and techniques
Pages
18
Publisher
Elsevier
Is part of
Aquaculture
Citation
Naya-Català, Fernando, Silvia Torrecillas, M. Carla Piazzon, Samira Sarih, Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner, Ramón Fontanillas, Bárbara Hostins, et al. 2024. “Can The Genetic Background Modulate the Effects of Feed Additives? Answers From Gut Microbiome and Transcriptome Interactions in Farmed Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus Aurata) Fed With a Mix of Phytogenics, Organic Acids or Probiotics.” Aquaculture 586 : 740770. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.740770
Grant agreement number
EC/H2020/818367/EU/Genomic and nutritional innovations for genetically superior farmed fish to improve efficiency in European aquaculture/AquaIMPACT
MCIN/ /PRTR-C17.I1/ES/ /
MICIU/Programa Estatal de promoción del talento y su empleabilidad en I+D+I/RYC2018-024049-I/ES/ /
Program
Aqüicultura
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- ARTICLES CIENTÍFICS [2651]
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/