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Water stress during the post-harvest period affects new root formation but not starch concentration and content in Chardonnay grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) perennial organs
(Scientia Horticulturae, 2019-02-15)Water stress responses during the post-harvest period were evaluated in a Chardonnay container-grown grapevines grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock. The irrigation treatments were: a control treatment ... -
Water UV-C treatment alone or in combination with peracetic acid: A technology to maintain safety and quality of strawberries
(International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2020-09-11)Disinfection of fruits is one of the most important steps since they are going to be eaten fresh-or minimally-processed. This step affects quality, safety, and shelf-life of the product. Despite being ... -
Weaning European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla) with plant protein-based diets and its effects on intestinal maturation
(Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2018-11-09)Weaning glass eels with compound diets (36% proteins, 16% lipids) differing in their fishmeal (FM) level (50, 75 and 100% FM replaced by a blend of plant proteins, PP) was compared to a group fed cod ... -
Weaning strategies affect larval performance in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus)
(Aquaculture, 2021-03-24)A 30-day study was carried out to determine the influence of different weaning strategies (WS) on growth and survival rates, stress resistance, digestive enzyme activities and whole body fatty acid ... -
Welfare Benefits of Intradermal Vaccination of Piglets
(Animals, 2020-10-16)Vaccination is reported as a stressful and painful event for animals. This study investigated whether needle-free intradermal vaccination improves the welfare of weaned pigs through the reduction of ... -
Welfare of broilers on farm
(EFSA Journal, 2023-02-21)This Scientific Opinion considers the welfare of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus) related to the production of meat (broilers) and includes the keeping of day-old chicks, broiler breeders, and broiler ... -
Welfare of calves
(EFSA Journal, 2023-03-29)This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of common husbandry systems and ... -
Welfare of cattle at slaughter
(EFSA Journal, 2020-11-03)The killing of cattle for human consumption (slaughtering) can take place in a slaughterhouse or on farm. The processes of slaughtering that were assessed for welfare, from the arrival of cattle until ... -
Welfare of cattle during killing for purposes other than slaughter
(EFSA Journal, 2020-11-28)Cattle of different ages may have to be killed on farm for purposes other than slaughter (the latter being defined as killing for human consumption) either individually or on a large scale, e.g. for ... -
Welfare of cattle during transport
(EFSA Journal, 2022-09-07)In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of the animal welfare legislation. The present Opinion deals with protection of cattle (including ... -
Welfare of dairy cows
(EFSA Journal, 2023-05-16)This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission's mandate on the welfare of dairy cows as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. It includes three assessments carried out based on literature reviews ... -
Welfare of domestic birds and rabbits transported in containers
(EFSA Journal, 2022-09-07)This opinion, produced upon a request from the European Commission, focuses on transport of domestic birds and rabbits in containers (e.g. any crate, box, receptacle or other rigid structure used for ... -
Welfare of ducks, geese and quail on farm
(EFSA Journal, 2023-05-16)This Scientific Opinion concerns the welfare of Domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata domesticus) and their hybrids (Mule ducks), Domestic geese (Anser anser ... -
Welfare of equidae during transport
(EFSA Journal, 2022-09-07)In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of animal welfare legislation. This opinion deals with the protection of horses and donkeys during ... -
Welfare of laying hens on farm
(EFSA Journal, 2023-02-21)This scientific opinion focuses on the welfare of laying hens, pullets and layer breeders on farm. The most relevant husbandry systems used in Europe are described. For each system, highly relevant ... -
Welfare of pigs at slaughter
(EFSA Journal, 2020-06-17)The killing of pigs for human consumption (slaughtering) can take place in a slaughterhouse or on farm. The processes of slaughtering that were assessed for welfare, from the arrival of pigs until ... -
Welfare of pigs during killing for purposes other than slaughter
(EFSA Journal, 2020-07-20)Pigs at different stages of the production cycle may have to be killed on-farm for purposes other thanslaughter (where slaughter is dened as killing for human consumption) either individually (e.g.severely ... -
Welfare of pigs during transport
(EFSA Journal, 2022-09-07)In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of the animal welfare legislation. The present Opinion deals with protection of pigs during ... -
Welfare of pigs on farm
(EFSA Journal, 2022-08-25)This scientific opinion focuses on the welfare of pigs on farm, and is based on literature and expert opinion. All pig categories were assessed: gilts and dry sows, farrowing and lactating sows, suckling ... -
Welfare of sheep and goats at slaughter
(EFSA Journal, 2021-11-08)The killing of sheep and goats for human consumption (slaughtering) can take place in a slaughterhouse or on-farm. The processes of slaughtering that were assessed for welfare, from the arrival of sheep ...