Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites: Is There Something More Than Exophiala xenobiotica? New Insights into Black Fungal Diversity Using the Long Cold Incubation Method
Autor/a
Isola, Daniela
Scano, Alessandra
Orrù, Germano
Zucconi, Laura
Fecha de publicación
2021-09-29ISSN
2309-608X
Resumen
Human-made hydrocarbon-rich environments are important reservoirs of microorganisms with specific degrading abilities and pathogenic potential. In particular, black fungi are of great interest, but their presence in the environment is frequently underestimated because they are difficult to isolate. In the frame of a biodiversity study from fuel-contaminated sites involving 30 diesel car tanks and 112 fuel pump dispensers (52 diesel and 60 gasoline, respectively), a total of 181 black fungal strains were isolated. The long cold incubation (LCI) of water-suspended samples, followed by plating on Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar (DRBC), gave isolation yields up to six times (6.6) higher than those of direct plating on DRBC, and those of enrichment with a phenolic mix. The sequencing of ITS and LSU-rDNA confirmed the dominance of potentially pathogenic fungi from the family Herpotrichiellaceae and Exophiala xenobiotica. Moreover, other opportunistic species were found, including E. opportunistica, E. oligosperma, E. phaeomuriformis, and Rhinocladiella similis. The recurrent presence of E. crusticola, Knufia epidermidis, Aureobasidium melanogenum, Cladosporium spp., and Scolecobasidium spp. was also recorded. Interestingly, 12% of total isolates, corresponding to 50% of taxa found (16/32), represent new species. All the novel taxa in this study were isolated by LCI. These findings suggest that black fungal diversity in hydrocarbon-rich niches remains largely unexplored and that LCI can be an efficient tool for further investigations.
Tipo de documento
Artículo
Versión del documento
Versión publicada
Lengua
Inglés
Materias (CDU)
504 - Ciencias del medio ambiente
Páginas
17
Publicado por
MDPI
Publicado en
Journal of Fungi (JoF)
Citación
Isola, Daniela, Alessandra Scano, Germano Orrù, Francesc Xavier Prenafeta-Boldú, and Laura Zucconi. 2021. "Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites: Is There Something More Than Exophiala Xenobiotica? New Insights Into Black Fungal Diversity Using The Long Cold Incubation Method". Journal Of Fungi 7 (10): 817. doi:10.3390/jof7100817.
Program
Sostenibilitat en Biosistemes
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