Vaccination of poultry against highly pathogenic avian influenza – part 1. Available vaccines and vaccination strategies
Ver/Abrir
Autor/a
EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Animal Welfare (AHAW)
Nielsen, Søren Saxmose
Alvarez, Julio
Bicout, Dominique Joseph
Calistri, Paolo
Canali, Elisabetta
Drewe, Julian Ashley
Garin-Bastuji, Bruno
Gonzales Rojas, Jose Luis
Gortázar, Christian
Herskin, Mette
Michel, Virginie
Miranda Chueca, Miguel Ángel
Padalino, Barbara
Roberts, Helen Clare
Spoolder, Hans
Stahl, Karl
Winckler, Christoph
Bastino, Eleonora
Bortolami, Alessio
Guinat, Claire
Harder, Timm
Stegeman, Arjan
Terregino, Calogero
Aznar Asensio, Inmaculada
Mur, Lina
Broglia, Alessandro
Baldinelli, Francesca
Viltrop, Arvo
Fecha de publicación
2023-10-10ISSN
1831-4732
Resumen
Several vaccines have been developed against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), mostly inactivated whole-virus vaccines for chickens. In the EU, one vaccine is authorised in chickens but is not fully efficacious to stop transmission, highlighting the need for vaccines tailored to diverse poultry species and production types. Off-label use of vaccines is possible, but effectiveness varies. Vaccines are usually injectable, a time-consuming process. Mass-application vaccines outside hatcheries remain rare. First vaccination varies from in-ovo to 6 weeks of age. Data about immunity onset and duration in the target species are often unavailable, despite being key for effective planning. Minimising antigenic distance between vaccines and field strains is essential, requiring rapid updates of vaccines to match circulating strains. Generating harmonised vaccine efficacy data showing vaccine ability to reduce transmission is crucial and this ability should be also assessed in field trials. Planning vaccination requires selecting the most adequate vaccine type and vaccination scheme. Emergency protective vaccination is limited to vaccines that are not restricted by species, age or pre-existing vector-immunity, while preventive vaccination should prioritise achieving the highest protection, especially for the most susceptible species in high-risk transmission areas. Model simulations in France, Italy and The Netherlands revealed that (i) duck and turkey farms are more infectious than chickens, (ii) depopulating infected farms only showed limitations in controlling disease spread, while 1-km ring-culling performed better than or similar to emergency preventive ring-vaccination scenarios, although with the highest number of depopulated farms, (iii) preventive vaccination of the most susceptible species in high-risk transmission areas was the best option to minimise the outbreaks' number and duration, (iv) during outbreaks in such areas, emergency protective vaccination in a 3-km radius was more effective than 1- and 10-km radius. Vaccine efficacy should be monitored and complement other surveillance and preventive efforts.
Tipo de documento
Artículo
Versión del documento
Versión publicada
Lengua
English
Materias (CDU)
636 - Explotación y cría de animales. Cría del ganado y de animales domésticos
Páginas
87
Publicado por
Wiley Open Access
Publicado en
EFSA Journal
Citación
Nielsen, Søren Saxmose, Julio Alvarez, Dominique Joseph Bicout, Paolo Calistri, Elisabetta Canali, Julian Ashley Drewe and Bruno Garin‐Bastuji et al. 2023. "Vaccination of poultry against highly pathogenic avian influenza – part 1. Available vaccines and vaccination strategies". EFSA Journal 21 (10). doi:10.2903/j.efsa. 2023.8271.
Program
Benestar Animal
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